You can check the referring domains grouped by their IP addresses using the Referring IPs report in Site Explorer:
How does the Referring IPs report work?
This report groups referring domains and backlinks by individual IPs and subnets. For each subnet, you can click on the caret to see the individual referring domains and links:
The date picker allows you to see new/lost links based on a historical period of your choice. This helps you identify if some new referring domains that a website gained during a time frame have likely come from the same owner.
Use cases
Having links from many referring domains on the same subnet IP can be a potential sign of a negative SEO attack. This often indicates that the sites are hosted in the same location, or owned by the same person / PBN network.
It’s important to note that having links from a few domains on the same subnet isn’t that unusual. But having hundreds or even thousands of referring domains from one subnet can be suspicious.
For example, if we were to click on the Ref. domains caret and sort Links to target by highest number of links, we can see a number of gambling related referring domains
Note: this does not mean you need to take any action on these referring domains, as Google will most likely ignore them. Google's guidelines for removing backlinks is generally to only do so when you have a manual action.
Have an interesting use case for Referring IPs?
There's much less actionable use cases for "Referring IPs" report in 2024 than there was many years ago, given the rise of CDNs and the fact that websites can have multiple IPs. But we still decided to release the new version of it as part of our site explorer revamp and see if you, our customers, will find actionable use cases for it.